MCU：STM32F429ZIT6

开发环境：STM32CubeMX+MDK5

外购了一个SPI接口的SD Card模块，想要实现SD卡存储数据的功能。

【资料图】

首先需要打开STM32CubeMX工具。输入开发板MCU对应型号，找到开发板对应封装的MCU型号，双击打开（图中第三）。

此时，双击完后会关闭此界面，然后打开一个新界面。

然后，我们开始基本配置。

现在我们选择一个LED作为系统LED，该步骤可以忽略，只是本人喜欢这样子。以硬件原理图的LD3为例子。

基本配置除了时钟树外，基本上已经配置好了。

现在配置时钟树

基本配置已经配置完，现在开始配置实验使用的内容。

配置USART1，重定向printf函数作为串口输出。

然后配置SPI1，作为驱动SD Card读写的接口。

然后配置文件系统，可以让文件的使用更方便。

现在配置按键，触发中断处理一些事情。

配置完成，完善工程，生成工程。

到此，STM32CubeMX工具的使用结束！可以发现在桌面已经生成了SDCard_rw工程。

使用MDK5打开SDCard_rw工程打开。点击魔法棒，勾选微库。选择对应的下载器，勾选下载完复位允许。USB线一端接开发板USB_Device，一端接PC。

现在可以开始实验了

在usart.c中重定向printf函数，并在usart.h中声明。

1 //重定向c库函数printf到串口DEBUG_USART，重定向后可使用printf函数2 int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)3 {4     HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 1000);    5     return (ch);6 }

在sdcard_write工程下创建UserCode文件夹，编写drive_spisd.c和drive_spisd.h。

然后在MDK5这里的SDCard_rw工程添加一个新文件夹UserCode，装入drive_spisd.c。并在魔法棒这里加入头文件路径。

drive_spisd.c如下

1 /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/  2 #include "drive_spisd.h"  3 /* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/  4 #include "spi.h"  5 #include "ff.h"  6 #include "usart.h"  7 /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/  8   9 /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/ 10  11 /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/ 12  13 /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ 14 uint8_t test; 15 uint8_t SD_TYPE = 0x00; 16 MSD_CARDINFO SD0_CardInfo; 17 char SD_FileName[] = "hello.txt"; 18 /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/ 19 static int         SD_SendCMD(uint8_t cmd, uint32_t arg, uint8_t crc); 20 static uint8_t     SD_ReceiveData(uint8_t *data, uint16_t len); 21 static uint8_t     SD_SendBlock(uint8_t*buf, uint8_t cmd); 22 /* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/ 23  24 /** 25   * @brief  SPI_CS片选 26   * @note   None 27   * @retval None 28   */ 29 void SPISD_CS(uint8_t p) 30 { 31     HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SPI1_CS_GPIO_Port, SPI1_CS_Pin, (p==0)?GPIO_PIN_SET:GPIO_PIN_RESET); 32 } 33  34 /** 35   * @brief  发送命令(CMD0~CMD63)，发完释放 36   * @note   命令格式：0+传输标志(1-命令、0-响应)+CONTENT（6+32）+7CRC+1 37   * @retval None 38   */ 39 static int SD_SendCMD(uint8_t cmd, uint32_t arg, uint8_t crc) 40 { 41     uint8_t r1,retry; 42  43     SPISD_CS(0);    //取消片选 44     HAL_Delay(20); 45     SPISD_CS(1);    //选通 46      47     //SD卡的SPI通信协议规定，每个命令操作之前都需要发送至少8个时钟周期 48     do 49     { 50         retry = SPI_ReadWrite(0xFF); 51     }while(retry != 0xFF); 52          53     SPI_ReadWrite(cmd | 0x40); 54     SPI_ReadWrite(arg >> 24); 55     SPI_ReadWrite(arg >> 16); 56     SPI_ReadWrite(arg >> 8); 57     SPI_ReadWrite(arg); 58     SPI_ReadWrite(crc); 59      60     if(cmd == CMD12)     61         SPI_ReadWrite(0xFF); 62     do 63     { 64         r1 = SPI_ReadWrite(0xFF); 65     }while(r1 & 0x80); 66      67     return r1; 68 } 69  70 //SD卡初始化 71 uint8_t SD_Init(void) 72 { 73     uint8_t     r1,i;     74     uint8_t     buff[6] = {0}; 75     uint16_t     retry;  76      77     SPI_SetSpeed(SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_256); 78     SPISD_CS(0); 79     for(retry=0;retry<10;retry++) 80         SPI_ReadWrite(0xFF); 81      82     //SD卡进入IDLE状态 83     do 84     { 85         r1 = SD_SendCMD(CMD0 ,0, 0x95);     86     }while(r1 != 0x01); 87      88     //查看SD卡的类型 89     SD_TYPE = 0; 90     r1 = SD_SendCMD(CMD8, 0x1AA, 0x87); 91     if(r1 == 0x01) 92     { 93         for(i=0;i<4;i++) 94             buff[i] = SPI_ReadWrite(0xFF);                    //Get trailing return value of R7 resp 95         if( buff[2]==0X01 && buff[3]==0XAA )                //卡是否支持2.7~3.6V 96         {             97             retry = 0XFFFE;             98             do             99             {            100                 SD_SendCMD(CMD55, 0, 0X01);                    //发送CMD55101                 r1 = SD_SendCMD(CMD41, 0x40000000, 0X01);    //发送CMD41102             }while(r1&&retry--);103             104             if(retry && SD_SendCMD(CMD58, 0, 0X01) == 0)    //鉴别SD2.0卡版本开始105             {106                 for(i=0;i<4;i++)107                     buff[i] = SPI_ReadWrite(0XFF);            //得到OCR值108                 SD_TYPE = (buff[0]&0x40) ? V2HC:V2;    109             }110         }else111         {112             SD_SendCMD(CMD55, 0, 0X01);                        //发送CMD55113             r1 = SD_SendCMD(CMD41, 0, 0X01);                //发送CMD41114             if(r1<=1)115             {        116                 SD_TYPE = V1;117                 retry = 0XFFFE;118                 do                                             //等待退出IDLE模式119                 {120                     SD_SendCMD(CMD55, 0, 0X01);                //发送CMD55121                     r1 = SD_SendCMD(CMD41, 0, 0X01);        //发送CMD41122                 }while(r1&&retry--);123             }else                                            //MMC卡不支持CMD55+CMD41识别124             {125                 SD_TYPE = MMC;                                //MMC V3126                 retry = 0XFFFE;127                 do                                             //等待退出IDLE模式128                 {                                                129                     r1 = SD_SendCMD(CMD1, 0, 0X01);            //发送CMD1130                 }while(r1&&retry--);  131             }132             if( retry==0 || SD_SendCMD(CMD16, 512, 0X01)!=0 )133                 SD_TYPE = ERR;                                //错误的卡134         }135     }136     SPISD_CS(0);137     SPI_SetSpeed(SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_4);138     139     return SD_TYPE?0:1;140 }141 142 void FileSystem_Init(void)143 {144     FATFS         *fs;145     DWORD         fre_clust, AvailableSize, UserSize;  146     uint8_t     res;147     uint8_t     *work;148     uint16_t     TotalSpace;149     150     res = SD_Init();        151     if(res == 1)152         printf("SD卡初始化失败! \r\n");        153     154     res = f_mount(&USERFatFS, USERPath, 1);                        //挂载155     if(res == FR_NO_FILESYSTEM)                                    //没有文件系统，格式化156     {157         printf("没有文件系统! \r\n");    158         159         work = malloc(_MIN_SS);160         res = f_mkfs(USERPath, FM_FAT, 0, work, _MIN_SS);        //格式化sd卡161         free(work);162         163         if(res == FR_OK)164         {        165             res = f_mount(NULL, USERPath, 1);                     //格式化后先取消挂载166             res = f_mount(&USERFatFS, USERPath, 1);                //重新挂载    167             if(res == FR_OK)168             {169                 printf("SD卡已经成功挂载，可以进进行文件写入测试! \r\n");170             }    171         }172         else173         {174             printf("格式化失败! \r\n");        175         }176     }else if(res == FR_OK)177     {178         printf("挂载成功! \r\n");        179     }else180     {181         printf("挂载失败! (%d)\r\n", res);182     }        183 184     res = f_getfree(USERPath, &fre_clust, &fs);  /* 根目录 */185     if ( res == FR_OK ) 186     {187         TotalSpace = (uint16_t)(((fs->n_fatent - 2) * fs->csize ) / 2 /1024);188         AvailableSize = (uint16_t)((fre_clust * fs->csize) / 2 /1024);189         UserSize = TotalSpace - AvailableSize;              190         /* Print free space in unit of MB (assuming 512 bytes/sector) */191         printf("\r\n%d MB total drive space.\r\n%ld MB available.\r\n%ld MB used.\r\n",TotalSpace, AvailableSize, UserSize);192     }193     else 194     {195         printf("Get SDCard Capacity Failed (%d)\r\n", res);196     }    197 //    f_mount(NULL, USERPath, 1);             //取消挂载198 } 199 200 /**201   * @brief  读取指定长度数据202   * @note   None203   * @retval None204   */205 static uint8_t SD_ReceiveData(uint8_t *data, uint16_t len)206 {207     uint8_t r1;208     209     SPISD_CS(1);                                       210     do211     { 212         r1 = SPI_ReadWrite(0xFF);    213         HAL_Delay(100);214     }while(r1 != 0xFE);    215     216     while(len--)217     {218         *data = SPI_ReadWrite(0xFF);219         data++;220     }221     SPI_ReadWrite(0xFF);222     SPI_ReadWrite(0xFF); 223     224     return 0;225 }226 227 /**228   * @brief  向SD卡写入一个数据包(512字节)的内容229   * @note   None230   * @retval None231   */232 static uint8_t SD_SendBlock(uint8_t*buf, uint8_t cmd)233 {    234     uint8_t     r1;    235     uint16_t     t;    236     237     do{238         r1 = SPI_ReadWrite(0xFF);239     }while(r1!=0xFF);240     241     SPI_ReadWrite(cmd);242     if(cmd != 0XFD)                    //不是结束指令243     {244         for(t=0; t<512; t++)245             SPI_ReadWrite(buf[t]);    //提高速度,减少函数传参时间246         SPI_ReadWrite(0xFF);        //忽略crc247         SPI_ReadWrite(0xFF);248         t = SPI_ReadWrite(0xFF);    //接收响应249         if( (t&0x1F) != 0x05 )250             return 2;                //响应错误                                                              251     }252     253     return 0;                        //写入成功254 }255 256 /**257   * @brief  CSD,卡的操作条件信息，128bit258   * @note   None259   * @retval None260   */261 uint8_t SD_GetCSD(uint8_t *csd_data)262 {263     uint8_t r1;    264     265     r1 = SD_SendCMD(CMD9, 0, 0x01);            //读取CSD寄存器266     if(r1 == 0x00)267         r1 = SD_ReceiveData(csd_data, 16);    //接收16个字节的数据 268     SPISD_CS(0);                            //取消片选269     270     return r1?1:0;271 }272 273 /**274   * @brief  CID,卡识别号，128bit275   * @note   None276   * @retval None277   */278 uint8_t SD_GetCID(uint8_t *cid_data)279 {280     uint8_t    r1;281     282     r1 = SD_SendCMD(CMD10, 0, 0x01);         //读取CID寄存器283     if(r1==0x00)284         r1 = SD_ReceiveData(cid_data, 16);    //接收16个字节的数据 285     SPISD_CS(0);                            //取消片选286     287     return r1?1:0;288 }289 290 //获取SD卡的总扇区数291 uint32_t SD_GetSectorCount(void)292 {293     uint8_t     n;294     uint8_t     csd[16];295     uint16_t     csize;296     uint32_t     Capacity;  297     298     if(SD_GetCSD(csd) != 0)         //取CSD信息，如果期间出错，返回0299         return 0;        300     301     if( (csd[0]&0xC0) == 0x40 )         //如果为SDHC卡，按照下面方式计算。V2.00的卡302     {    303         csize = csd[9] + ((uint16_t)csd[8] << 8) + 1;304         Capacity = (uint32_t)csize << 10;                //得到扇区数                305     }else                            //V1.xx的卡306     {    307         n = (csd[5] & 15) + ((csd[10] & 128) >> 7) + ((csd[9] & 3) << 1) + 2;308         csize = (csd[8] >> 6) + ((uint16_t)csd[7] << 2) + ((uint16_t)(csd[6] & 3) << 10) + 1;309         Capacity = (uint32_t)csize << (n - 9);            //得到扇区数   310     }311     312     return Capacity;313 }314 315 int MSD0_GetCardInfo(PMSD_CARDINFO SD0_CardInfo)316 {317     uint8_t r1;318     uint8_t CSD_Tab[16], CID_Tab[16];319     320     /* Send CMD9, Read CSD */321     r1 = SD_SendCMD(CMD9, 0, 0xFF);322     if(r1 != 0x00)323         return r1;324     if(SD_ReceiveData(CSD_Tab, 16))325         return 1;326     327     /* Send CMD10, Read CID */328     r1 = SD_SendCMD(CMD10, 0, 0xFF);329     if(r1 != 0x00)330         return r1;    331     if(SD_ReceiveData(CID_Tab, 16))332         return 2;333     334     /* Byte 0 */335     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.CSDStruct = (CSD_Tab[0] & 0xC0) >> 6;336     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.SysSpecVersion = (CSD_Tab[0] & 0x3C) >> 2;337     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.Reserved1 = CSD_Tab[0] & 0x03;338     /* Byte 1 */339     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.TAAC = CSD_Tab[1] ;340     /* Byte 2 */341     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.NSAC = CSD_Tab[2];342     /* Byte 3 */343     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.MaxBusClkFrec = CSD_Tab[3];344     /* Byte 4 */345     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.CardComdClasses = CSD_Tab[4] << 4;346     /* Byte 5 */347     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.CardComdClasses |= (CSD_Tab[5] & 0xF0) >> 4;348     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.RdBlockLen = CSD_Tab[5] & 0x0F;349     /* Byte 6 */350     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.PartBlockRead = (CSD_Tab[6] & 0x80) >> 7;351     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.WrBlockMisalign = (CSD_Tab[6] & 0x40) >> 6;352     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.RdBlockMisalign = (CSD_Tab[6] & 0x20) >> 5;353     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DSRImpl = (CSD_Tab[6] & 0x10) >> 4;354     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.Reserved2 = 0; /* Reserved */355     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSize = (CSD_Tab[6] & 0x03) << 10;356     /* Byte 7 */357     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSize |= (CSD_Tab[7]) << 2;358     /* Byte 8 */359     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSize |= (CSD_Tab[8] & 0xC0) >> 6;360     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.MaxRdCurrentVDDMin = (CSD_Tab[8] & 0x38) >> 3;361     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.MaxRdCurrentVDDMax = (CSD_Tab[8] & 0x07);362     /* Byte 9 */363     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.MaxWrCurrentVDDMin = (CSD_Tab[9] & 0xE0) >> 5;364     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.MaxWrCurrentVDDMax = (CSD_Tab[9] & 0x1C) >> 2;365     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSizeMul = (CSD_Tab[9] & 0x03) << 1;366     /* Byte 10 */367     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSizeMul |= (CSD_Tab[10] & 0x80) >> 7;368     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.EraseGrSize = (CSD_Tab[10] & 0x7C) >> 2;369     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.EraseGrMul = (CSD_Tab[10] & 0x03) << 3;370     /* Byte 11 */371     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.EraseGrMul |= (CSD_Tab[11] & 0xE0) >> 5;372     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.WrProtectGrSize = (CSD_Tab[11] & 0x1F);373     /* Byte 12 */374     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.WrProtectGrEnable = (CSD_Tab[12] & 0x80) >> 7;375     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.ManDeflECC = (CSD_Tab[12] & 0x60) >> 5;376     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.WrSpeedFact = (CSD_Tab[12] & 0x1C) >> 2;377     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.MaxWrBlockLen = (CSD_Tab[12] & 0x03) << 2;378     /* Byte 13 */379     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.MaxWrBlockLen |= (CSD_Tab[13] & 0xc0) >> 6;380     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.WriteBlockPaPartial = (CSD_Tab[13] & 0x20) >> 5;381     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.Reserved3 = 0;382     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.ContentProtectAppli = (CSD_Tab[13] & 0x01);383     /* Byte 14 */384     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.FileFormatGrouop = (CSD_Tab[14] & 0x80) >> 7;385     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.CopyFlag = (CSD_Tab[14] & 0x40) >> 6;386     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.PermWrProtect = (CSD_Tab[14] & 0x20) >> 5;387     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.TempWrProtect = (CSD_Tab[14] & 0x10) >> 4;388     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.FileFormat = (CSD_Tab[14] & 0x0C) >> 2;389     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.ECC = (CSD_Tab[14] & 0x03);390     /* Byte 15 */391     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.CSD_CRC = (CSD_Tab[15] & 0xFE) >> 1;392     SD0_CardInfo->CSD.Reserved4 = 1;393 394     if(SD0_CardInfo->CardType == V2HC)395     {396         /* Byte 7 */397         SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSize = (uint16_t)(CSD_Tab[8]) *256;398         /* Byte 8 */399         SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSize += CSD_Tab[9] ;400     }401     402     SD0_CardInfo->Capacity = SD0_CardInfo->CSD.DeviceSize * MSD_BLOCKSIZE * 1024;403     SD0_CardInfo->BlockSize = MSD_BLOCKSIZE;404     405     /* Byte 0 */406     SD0_CardInfo->CID.ManufacturerID = CID_Tab[0];407     /* Byte 1 */408     SD0_CardInfo->CID.OEM_AppliID = CID_Tab[1] << 8;409     /* Byte 2 */410     SD0_CardInfo->CID.OEM_AppliID |= CID_Tab[2];411     /* Byte 3 */412     SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdName1 = CID_Tab[3] << 24;413     /* Byte 4 */414     SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdName1 |= CID_Tab[4] << 16;415     /* Byte 5 */416     SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdName1 |= CID_Tab[5] << 8;417     /* Byte 6 */418     SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdName1 |= CID_Tab[6];419     /* Byte 7 */420     SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdName2 = CID_Tab[7];421     /* Byte 8 */422     SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdRev = CID_Tab[8];423     /* Byte 9 */424     SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdSN = CID_Tab[9] << 24;425     /* Byte 10 */426     SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdSN |= CID_Tab[10] << 16;427     /* Byte 11 */428     SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdSN |= CID_Tab[11] << 8;429     /* Byte 12 */430     SD0_CardInfo->CID.ProdSN |= CID_Tab[12];431     /* Byte 13 */432     SD0_CardInfo->CID.Reserved1 |= (CID_Tab[13] & 0xF0) >> 4;433     /* Byte 14 */434     SD0_CardInfo->CID.ManufactDate = (CID_Tab[13] & 0x0F) << 8;435     /* Byte 15 */436     SD0_CardInfo->CID.ManufactDate |= CID_Tab[14];437     /* Byte 16 */438     SD0_CardInfo->CID.CID_CRC = (CID_Tab[15] & 0xFE) >> 1;439     SD0_CardInfo->CID.Reserved2 = 1;440     441     return 0;  442 }443 444 445 //写SD卡446 //buf:数据缓存区447 //sector:起始扇区448 //cnt:扇区数449 //返回值:0,ok;其他,失败.450 uint8_t SD_WriteDisk(uint8_t *buf, uint32_t sector, uint8_t cnt)451 {452     uint8_t r1;453     454     if(SD_TYPE != V2HC)455         sector *= 512;                            //转换为字节地址456     if(cnt == 1)457     {458         r1 = SD_SendCMD(CMD24, sector, 0x01);    //读命令459         if(r1 == 0)                                //指令发送成功460             r1=SD_SendBlock(buf, 0xFE);            //写512个字节       461     }else462     {463         if(SD_TYPE != MMC)464         {465             SD_SendCMD(CMD55, 0, 0x01);    466             SD_SendCMD(CMD23, cnt, 0x01);        //发送指令    467         }468          r1 = SD_SendCMD(CMD25, sector, 0x01);    //连续读命令469         if(r1 == 0)470         {471             do472             {473                 r1 = SD_SendBlock(buf,0xFC);    //接收512个字节     474                 buf += 512;  475             }while(--cnt && r1==0);476             r1 = SD_SendBlock(0,0xFD);            //接收512个字节 477         }478     }   479     SPISD_CS(0);                                //取消片选480     481     return r1;482 }    483 484 //读SD卡485 //buf:数据缓存区486 //sector:扇区487 //cnt:扇区数488 //返回值:0,ok;其他,失败.489 uint8_t SD_ReadDisk(uint8_t*buf,uint32_t sector,uint8_t cnt)490 {491     uint8_t r1;492     493     if(SD_TYPE != V2HC)494         sector <<= 9;                            //转换为字节地址495     if(cnt == 1)496     {497         r1 = SD_SendCMD(CMD17, sector, 0x01);    //读命令498         if(r1 == 0)        499             r1 = SD_ReceiveData(buf, 512);        //接收512个字节       500     }else501     {502         r1 = SD_SendCMD(CMD18, sector, 0x01);    //连续读命令503         do504         {505             r1 = SD_ReceiveData(buf, 512);        //接收512个字节     506             buf += 512;  507         }while(--cnt && r1==0);     508         SD_SendCMD(CMD12, 0, 0x01);                //发送停止命令509     }   510     SPISD_CS(0);                                //取消片选511     512     return r1;513 }514 515 uint8_t SPI_ReadWrite(uint8_t Txdata)516 {517     uint8_t Rxdata;    518     HAL_SPI_TransmitReceive(&hspi1, &Txdata, &Rxdata, 1, 100);519     return Rxdata;520 }521 522 //SPI1波特率设置523 void SPI_SetSpeed(uint8_t speed)524 {525     hspi1.Init.BaudRatePrescaler = speed;526     if (HAL_SPI_Init(&hspi1) != HAL_OK)527     {528         Error_Handler();529     }530 }531 ///////////////////////////END//////////////////////////////////////

drive_spisd.h如下

1 /* Define to prevent recursive inclusion -------------------------------------*/  2 #ifndef __DRIVE_SPISD_H  3 #define __DRIVE_SPISD_H  4   5 #ifdef __cplusplus  6 extern "C" {  7 #endif  8   9 /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ 10 #include "main.h" 11 /* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/ 12 #include "fatfs.h" 13 /* Exported types ------------------------------------------------------------*/ 14 enum _CD_HOLD 15 { 16     HOLD = 0, 17     RELEASE = 1, 18 }; 19  20 typedef struct                       /* Card Specific Data */ 21 { 22     uint8_t  CSDStruct;                /* CSD structure */ 23     uint8_t  SysSpecVersion;           /* System specification version */ 24     uint8_t  Reserved1;                /* Reserved */ 25     uint8_t  TAAC;                     /* Data read access-time 1 */ 26     uint8_t  NSAC;                     /* Data read access-time 2 in CLK cycles */ 27     uint8_t  MaxBusClkFrec;            /* Max. bus clock frequency */ 28     uint16_t CardComdClasses;          /* Card command classes */ 29     uint8_t  RdBlockLen;               /* Max. read data block length */ 30     uint8_t  PartBlockRead;            /* Partial blocks for read allowed */ 31     uint8_t  WrBlockMisalign;          /* Write block misalignment */ 32     uint8_t  RdBlockMisalign;          /* Read block misalignment */ 33     uint8_t  DSRImpl;                  /* DSR implemented */ 34     uint8_t  Reserved2;                /* Reserved */ 35     uint32_t DeviceSize;               /* Device Size */ 36     uint8_t  MaxRdCurrentVDDMin;       /* Max. read current @ VDD min */ 37     uint8_t  MaxRdCurrentVDDMax;       /* Max. read current @ VDD max */ 38     uint8_t  MaxWrCurrentVDDMin;       /* Max. write current @ VDD min */ 39     uint8_t  MaxWrCurrentVDDMax;       /* Max. write current @ VDD max */ 40     uint8_t  DeviceSizeMul;            /* Device size multiplier */ 41     uint8_t  EraseGrSize;              /* Erase group size */ 42     uint8_t  EraseGrMul;               /* Erase group size multiplier */ 43     uint8_t  WrProtectGrSize;          /* Write protect group size */ 44     uint8_t  WrProtectGrEnable;        /* Write protect group enable */ 45     uint8_t  ManDeflECC;               /* Manufacturer default ECC */ 46     uint8_t  WrSpeedFact;              /* Write speed factor */ 47     uint8_t  MaxWrBlockLen;            /* Max. write data block length */ 48     uint8_t  WriteBlockPaPartial;      /* Partial blocks for write allowed */ 49     uint8_t  Reserved3;                /* Reserded */ 50     uint8_t  ContentProtectAppli;      /* Content protection application */ 51     uint8_t  FileFormatGrouop;         /* File format group */ 52     uint8_t  CopyFlag;                 /* Copy flag (OTP) */ 53     uint8_t  PermWrProtect;            /* Permanent write protection */ 54     uint8_t  TempWrProtect;            /* Temporary write protection */ 55     uint8_t  FileFormat;               /* File Format */ 56     uint8_t  ECC;                      /* ECC code */ 57     uint8_t  CSD_CRC;                  /* CSD CRC */ 58     uint8_t  Reserved4;                /* always 1*/ 59 }MSD_CSD; 60  61 typedef struct                         /*Card Identification Data*/ 62 { 63     uint8_t  ManufacturerID;           /* ManufacturerID */ 64     uint16_t OEM_AppliID;              /* OEM/Application ID */ 65     uint32_t ProdName1;                /* Product Name part1 */ 66     uint8_t  ProdName2;                /* Product Name part2*/ 67     uint8_t  ProdRev;                  /* Product Revision */ 68     uint32_t ProdSN;                   /* Product Serial Number */ 69     uint8_t  Reserved1;                /* Reserved1 */ 70     uint16_t ManufactDate;             /* Manufacturing Date */ 71     uint8_t  CID_CRC;                  /* CID CRC */ 72     uint8_t  Reserved2;                /* always 1 */ 73 }MSD_CID; 74  75 typedef struct 76 { 77     MSD_CSD     CSD; 78     MSD_CID     CID; 79     uint32_t     Capacity;              /* Card Capacity */ 80     uint32_t     BlockSize;             /* Card Block Size */ 81     uint16_t     RCA; 82     uint8_t     CardType; 83     uint32_t     SpaceTotal;            /* Total space size in file system */ 84     uint32_t     SpaceFree;             /* Free space size in file system */ 85 }MSD_CARDINFO, *PMSD_CARDINFO; 86  87 extern MSD_CARDINFO SD0_CardInfo; 88 /* Exported constants --------------------------------------------------------*/ 89  90 /* Exported macro ------------------------------------------------------------*/ 91 //SD卡类型 92 #define ERR             0x00 93 #define MMC                0x01 94 #define V1                0x02 95 #define V2                0x04 96 #define V2HC            0x06 97  98 #define DUMMY_BYTE        0xFF  99 #define MSD_BLOCKSIZE    512100 101 /*102     CMD定义103     bc：发送到所有卡，不返回响应104     bcr：发送到所有卡，同时接收所有卡的响应105     ac：发送到选定卡，无数据传输106     adtc：发送到选定卡，有数据传输107 */108 #define CMD0    0       //bc，卡复位到IDLE状态109 #define CMD1    1       110 #define CMD8    8       //bcr，读SD卡接口条件，包含主机支持的电压信息，并询问卡是否支持111 #define CMD9    9       //ac，读CSD数据112 #define CMD10   10      //ac，读CID数据113 #define CMD12   12      //ac，停止数据传输114 #define CMD16   16      //ac，设置块长度（对于SDHC卡块命令长度固定为512字节） 应返回0x00115 #define CMD17   17      //adtc，读单个块116 #define CMD18   18      //adtc，读多个块。连续读块，直到被CMD12中断。117 #define CMD23   23      //设置多sector写入前预先擦除N个block118 #define CMD24   24      //adtc，写单个块119 #define CMD25   25      //adtc，写多个块。连续写块，直到被CMD12中断。120 #define CMD41   41      //应返回0x00121 #define CMD55   55      //ac，指定下个命令为特定应用命令（ACMD），不是标准命令，应返回0x01122 #define CMD58   58      //读OCR信息123 #define CMD59   59      //使能/禁止CRC，应返回0x00124 125 //数据写入回应字意义126 #define MSD_DATA_OK                0x05127 #define MSD_DATA_CRC_ERROR         0x0B128 #define MSD_DATA_WRITE_ERROR       0x0D129 #define MSD_DATA_OTHER_ERROR       0xFF130 131 //SD卡回应标记字132 #define MSD_RESPONSE_NO_ERROR      0x00133 #define MSD_IN_IDLE_STATE          0x01134 #define MSD_ERASE_RESET            0x02135 #define MSD_ILLEGAL_COMMAND        0x04136 #define MSD_COM_CRC_ERROR          0x08137 #define MSD_ERASE_SEQUENCE_ERROR   0x10138 #define MSD_ADDRESS_ERROR          0x20139 #define MSD_PARAMETER_ERROR        0x40140 #define MSD_RESPONSE_FAILURE       0xFF141 142 /* Exported functions prototypes ---------------------------------------------*/143 void        SPISD_CS(uint8_t p);144 uint8_t        SD_Init(void);145 void         WritetoSD(BYTE write_buff[],uint8_t bufSize);146 void         FileSystem_Init(void);147 uint32_t      SD_GetSectorCount(void);148 uint8_t     SD_GetCID(uint8_t *cid_data);149 uint8_t     SD_GetCSD(uint8_t *csd_data);150 int            MSD0_GetCardInfo(PMSD_CARDINFO SD0_CardInfo);151 uint8_t     SD_ReadDisk(uint8_t*buf, uint32_t sector, uint8_t cnt);152 uint8_t     SD_WriteDisk(uint8_t*buf, uint32_t sector, uint8_t cnt);153 void         SPI_SetSpeed(uint8_t speed);154 uint8_t     SPI_ReadWrite(uint8_t Txdata);155 156 /* Private defines -----------------------------------------------------------*/157 extern uint8_t SD_TYPE;158 #ifdef __cplusplus159 }160 #endif161 162 #endif /* __DRIVE_SPISD_H */163 164 /************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

然后在文件系统文件夹里修改内容。

user_diskio.c如下

1 /* USER CODE BEGIN Header */  2 /**  3  ******************************************************************************  4   * @file    user_diskio.c  5   * @brief   This file includes a diskio driver skeleton to be completed by the user.  6   ******************************************************************************  7   * @attention  8   *  9   * Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics. 10   * All rights reserved. 11   * 12   * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file 13   * in the root directory of this software component. 14   * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS. 15   * 16   ****************************************************************************** 17   */ 18  /* USER CODE END Header */ 19  20 #ifdef USE_OBSOLETE_USER_CODE_SECTION_0 21 /* 22  * Warning: the user section 0 is no more in use (starting from CubeMx version 4.16.0) 23  * To be suppressed in the future. 24  * Kept to ensure backward compatibility with previous CubeMx versions when 25  * migrating projects. 26  * User code previously added there should be copied in the new user sections before 27  * the section contents can be deleted. 28  */ 29 /* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */ 30 /* USER CODE END 0 */ 31 #endif 32  33 /* USER CODE BEGIN DECL */ 34  35 /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ 36 #include  37 #include "ff_gen_drv.h" 38  39 /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/ 40 #include "drive_spisd.h" 41 /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/ 42  43 /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ 44 /* Disk status */ 45 static volatile DSTATUS Stat = STA_NOINIT; 46  47 /* USER CODE END DECL */ 48  49 /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/ 50 DSTATUS USER_initialize (BYTE pdrv); 51 DSTATUS USER_status (BYTE pdrv); 52 DRESULT USER_read (BYTE pdrv, BYTE *buff, DWORD sector, UINT count); 53 #if _USE_WRITE == 1 54   DRESULT USER_write (BYTE pdrv, const BYTE *buff, DWORD sector, UINT count); 55 #endif /* _USE_WRITE == 1 */ 56 #if _USE_IOCTL == 1 57   DRESULT USER_ioctl (BYTE pdrv, BYTE cmd, void *buff); 58 #endif /* _USE_IOCTL == 1 */ 59  60 Diskio_drvTypeDef  USER_Driver = 61 { 62   USER_initialize, 63   USER_status, 64   USER_read, 65 #if  _USE_WRITE 66   USER_write, 67 #endif  /* _USE_WRITE == 1 */ 68 #if  _USE_IOCTL == 1 69   USER_ioctl, 70 #endif /* _USE_IOCTL == 1 */ 71 }; 72  73 /* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/ 74  75 /** 76   * @brief  Initializes a Drive 77   * @param  pdrv: Physical drive number (0..) 78   * @retval DSTATUS: Operation status 79   */ 80 DSTATUS USER_initialize ( 81     BYTE pdrv           /* Physical drive nmuber to identify the drive */ 82 ) 83 { 84   /* USER CODE BEGIN INIT */ 85     uint8_t res; 86     res = SD_Init(); 87     if(res)    //STM32 SPI的bug,在sd卡操作失败的时候如果不执行下面的语句,可能导致SPI读写异常 88     { 89         SPI_SetSpeed(SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_256); 90         SPI_ReadWrite(0xff);    //提供额外的8个时钟 91         SPI_SetSpeed(SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_4); 92     } 93     if(res)     94         return STA_NOINIT; 95     else  96         return RES_OK;  97   /* USER CODE END INIT */ 98 } 99 100 /**101   * @brief  Gets Disk Status102   * @param  pdrv: Physical drive number (0..)103   * @retval DSTATUS: Operation status104   */105 DSTATUS USER_status (106     BYTE pdrv       /* Physical drive number to identify the drive */107 )108 {109   /* USER CODE BEGIN STATUS */110     switch (pdrv)111     {112         case 0 :113             return RES_OK;114         case 1 :115             return RES_OK;116         case 2 :117             return RES_OK;118         default:119             return STA_NOINIT;120     }121   /* USER CODE END STATUS */122 }123 124 /**125   * @brief  Reads Sector(s)126   * @param  pdrv: Physical drive number (0..)127   * @param  *buff: Data buffer to store read data128   * @param  sector: Sector address (LBA)129   * @param  count: Number of sectors to read (1..128)130   * @retval DRESULT: Operation result131   */132 DRESULT USER_read (133     BYTE pdrv,      /* Physical drive nmuber to identify the drive */134     BYTE *buff,     /* Data buffer to store read data */135     DWORD sector,   /* Sector address in LBA */136     UINT count      /* Number of sectors to read */137 )138 {139   /* USER CODE BEGIN READ */140     uint8_t res;141     if( !count )142     {    143         return RES_PARERR;  /* count不能等于0，否则返回参数错误 */144     }145     switch (pdrv)146     {147         case 0:148             res = SD_ReadDisk(buff,sector,count);     149             if(res == 0)150                 return RES_OK;151             else152                 return RES_ERROR;                                             153         default:154             return RES_ERROR;155     }156   /* USER CODE END READ */157 }158 159 /**160   * @brief  Writes Sector(s)161   * @param  pdrv: Physical drive number (0..)162   * @param  *buff: Data to be written163   * @param  sector: Sector address (LBA)164   * @param  count: Number of sectors to write (1..128)165   * @retval DRESULT: Operation result166   */167 #if _USE_WRITE == 1168 DRESULT USER_write (169     BYTE pdrv,          /* Physical drive nmuber to identify the drive */170     const BYTE *buff,   /* Data to be written */171     DWORD sector,       /* Sector address in LBA */172     UINT count          /* Number of sectors to write */173 )174 {175   /* USER CODE BEGIN WRITE */176   /* USER CODE HERE */177     uint8_t  res;178     if( !count )179         return RES_PARERR;  /* count不能等于0，否则返回参数错误 */180     switch (pdrv)181     {182         case 0:183             res=SD_WriteDisk((uint8_t *)buff,sector,count);184                 if(res == 0)185                     return RES_OK;186                 else187                     return RES_ERROR;                                              188         default:189             return RES_ERROR;190     }191   /* USER CODE END WRITE */192 }193 #endif /* _USE_WRITE == 1 */194 195 /**196   * @brief  I/O control operation197   * @param  pdrv: Physical drive number (0..)198   * @param  cmd: Control code199   * @param  *buff: Buffer to send/receive control data200   * @retval DRESULT: Operation result201   */202 #if _USE_IOCTL == 1203 DRESULT USER_ioctl (204     BYTE pdrv,      /* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */205     BYTE cmd,       /* Control code */206     void *buff      /* Buffer to send/receive control data */207 )208 {209   /* USER CODE BEGIN IOCTL */210     DRESULT res;211     switch(cmd)212     {213         case CTRL_SYNC:214             SPISD_CS(1);215             do{216                 HAL_Delay(20);217             }while(SPI_ReadWrite(0xFF)!=0xFF);218             res=RES_OK;219             SPISD_CS(0);220             break;     221         case GET_SECTOR_SIZE:222             *(WORD*)buff = 512;223             res = RES_OK;224             break;     225         case GET_BLOCK_SIZE:226             *(WORD*)buff = 8;227             res = RES_OK;228             break;     229         case GET_SECTOR_COUNT:230             *(DWORD*)buff = SD_GetSectorCount();231             res = RES_OK;232             break;233         default:234             res = RES_PARERR;235             break;236     }237     return res;238   /* USER CODE END IOCTL */239 }240 #endif /* _USE_IOCTL == 1 */

main.c

1 /* USER CODE BEGIN Header */  2 /**  3   ******************************************************************************  4   * @file           : main.c  5   * @brief          : Main program body  6   ******************************************************************************  7   * @attention  8   *  9   * Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics. 10   * All rights reserved. 11   * 12   * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file 13   * in the root directory of this software component. 14   * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS. 15   * 16   ****************************************************************************** 17   */ 18 /* USER CODE END Header */ 19 /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ 20 #include "main.h" 21 #include "fatfs.h" 22 #include "spi.h" 23 #include "usart.h" 24 #include "gpio.h" 25  26 /* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/ 27 /* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */ 28 #include "drive_spisd.h" 29 /* USER CODE END Includes */ 30  31 /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/ 32 /* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */ 33  34 /* USER CODE END PTD */ 35  36 /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/ 37 /* USER CODE BEGIN PD */ 38 /* USER CODE END PD */ 39  40 /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/ 41 /* USER CODE BEGIN PM */ 42  43 /* USER CODE END PM */ 44  45 /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ 46  47 /* USER CODE BEGIN PV */ 48 uint8_t     status = 0; 49 uint8_t        writeBuf[] = "demo program forever no bug!!!\r\n";  50 /* USER CODE END PV */ 51  52 /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/ 53 void SystemClock_Config(void); 54 /* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */ 55  56 /* USER CODE END PFP */ 57  58 /* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/ 59 /* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */ 60  61 /* USER CODE END 0 */ 62  63 /** 64   * @brief  The application entry point. 65   * @retval int 66   */ 67 int main(void) 68 { 69   /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */ 70     UINT     Bw; 71     FIL     file; 72     uint16_t cb_task = 0; 73     uint8_t res1 = 0, res2 = 0; 74   /* USER CODE END 1 */ 75  76   /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/ 77  78   /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */ 79   HAL_Init(); 80  81   /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */ 82  83   /* USER CODE END Init */ 84  85   /* Configure the system clock */ 86   SystemClock_Config(); 87  88   /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */ 89  90   /* USER CODE END SysInit */ 91  92   /* Initialize all configured peripherals */ 93   MX_GPIO_Init(); 94   MX_SPI1_Init(); 95   MX_USART1_UART_Init(); 96   MX_FATFS_Init(); 97   /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */ 98     FileSystem_Init();    //初始化文件系统 99     100     status = 1;101     res1 = f_open(&file, "sdRW1.txt", FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_WRITE);102     if((res1 & FR_DENIED) == FR_DENIED)103         printf("卡存储已满，写入失败! \r\n");104   /* USER CODE END 2 */105 106   /* Infinite loop */107   /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */108   while (1)109   {110     /* USER CODE END WHILE */111 112     /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */113     if(status == 1)114     {115         if(res1 == FR_OK)116         {117             f_lseek(&file, f_size(&file));                                //确保写入不会覆盖之前的数据118             res2 = f_write(&file, writeBuf, sizeof(writeBuf), &Bw);        //写数据到SD卡            119             if(res2 != FR_OK)120             {121                 printf("文件写入失败！ \r\n");122                 HAL_GPIO_WritePin(User_led_GPIO_Port, User_led_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);123             }else124             {125                 HAL_GPIO_WritePin(User_led_GPIO_Port, User_led_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);126             }                127         }128         else129         {130             printf("打开文件失败! %d\r\n",res1);131         }    132         if(++cb_task%4096==0)133             f_sync(&file);            134     }else if(status == 2)135     {136         f_close(&file);137         f_mount(NULL, USERPath, 1);             //取消挂载138         HAL_GPIO_WritePin(User_led_GPIO_Port, User_led_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);139         status = 0;140     }141     HAL_Delay(10);142   }143   /* USER CODE END 3 */144 }145 146 /**147   * @brief System Clock Configuration148   * @retval None149   */150 void SystemClock_Config(void)151 {152   RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};153   RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};154 155   /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage156   */157   __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();158   __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);159   /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters160   * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.161   */162   RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;163   RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;164   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;165   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;166   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 4;167   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 168;168   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;169   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 4;170   if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)171   {172     Error_Handler();173   }174   /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks175   */176   RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK177                               |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;178   RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;179   RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;180   RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV4;181   RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;182 183   if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5) != HAL_OK)184   {185     Error_Handler();186   }187 }188 189 /* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */190 void HAL_GPIO_EXTI_Callback(uint16_t GPIO_Pin)191 {192     if(GPIO_Pin == User_Key_Pin)193     {194         status = 2;195     }196 }197 /* USER CODE END 4 */198 199 /**200   * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.201   * @retval None202   */203 void Error_Handler(void)204 {205   /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */206   /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */207   __disable_irq();208   while (1)209   {210   }211   /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */212 }213 214 #ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT215 /**216   * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number217   *         where the assert_param error has occurred.218   * @param  file: pointer to the source file name219   * @param  line: assert_param error line source number220   * @retval None221   */222 void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)223 {224   /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */225   /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,226      ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */227   /* USER CODE END 6 */228 }229 #endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

实测是可以的，但是写速度并没有网上说的1M/s那么快，也有可能是我引线的问题。